The reason why so many satellites are in orbit is to provide GPS coverage all over the world. Also, a GPS receiver needs information from several satellites to tell you where you’re located:
- 2-D: A minimum of three satellite signals is required to determine your location in two dimensions: latitude and longitude.
- 3-D: Four satellite signals are required to determine your position in three dimensions: latitude, longitude, and elevation. Based on the orbits of the satellites — and if the sky is unobstructed — at any given time, your receiver should be able to get signals from at least 6 satellites (and up to 12).
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